Rye is a minor cereal crop used as fodder or green manure, as well as for human consumption. It is a fast-growing, hardy plant that resists extreme climatic conditions such as cold, drought, and soil acidity, which is why it’s prominently produced in Europe.
Nearly 11.33 million metric tons of rye were produced globally in the marketing year (MY) 2025/2026. The article discusses rye production by country, including each country’s annual output, global share, yield, area harvested, and other historical metrics.
Here’s the current annual rye production by country data:
Total production and share of the 10 leading rye-producing countries in MY 2025/2026 (USDA)
| Country | Total Production (Metric Tons) | Share in Global Production (%) |
|---|---|---|
 European Union | 7.75 Million | 68.4% |
 Russia | 1,000,000 | 8.8% |
 Belarus | 760,000 | 6.7% |
 Canada | 613,000 | 5.4% |
 United States | 315,000 | 2.8% |
 Turkey | 300,000 | 2.6% |
 Ukraine | 210,000 | 1.9% |
 Argentina | 185,000 | 1.6% |
 Norway | 50,000 | 0.44% |
 Australia | 32,000 | 0.28% |
1. European Union
The European Union leads the world’s rye production with a commanding 7.75 million metric tons in the marketing year 2025/2026, representing 68.4% of global rye production. The volume generated was 12% higher than last year’s (MY 2024/25). The EU harvested a significant yield of 4.76 metric tons per hectare (MT/HA) from 1.6 million hectares of land.
- Previous Year Production (MY 2024/25): 6.91 million metric tons
- 10-year production profile (MY 2016/2025):
- Average production: 7.62 million metric tons
- Compound average growth: 0.45%
2. Russia
According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Russia’s share of global rye production for MY 2025/26 was 8.8%. The crop’s yield was 2.43 MT/HA, harvested from 410,000 hectares, totaling 1,000,000 metric tons. Compared with the previous year’s rye output, current production has dropped sharply by 17%.
- Previous Year Production (MY 2024/25): 1.2 million metric tons
- 10-year production profile (MY 2016/2025):
- Average production: 1.84 million metric tons
- Compound average growth: -9%
3. Belarus
For MY 2025/26, USDA recorded Belarus’s rye production at 760,000 metric tons, with a reported yield of 2.23 MT/HA. Its total harvested area under the crop was calculated at 340,000 hectares. The output fell 5% from the previous year (MY 2024/25), yet it still represents 6.7% of global rye production.
- Previous Year Production (MY 2024/25): 800,000 metric tons
- 10-year production profile (MY 2016/2025):
- Average production: 756,000 metric tons
- Compound average growth: 2%
4. Canada
Canada’s rye output of 613,000 metric tons made up 5.4% of total global rye production in MY 2025/26. This North American nation produced 46% more than last year (MY 2024/25), with a yield of 3.92 MT/HA from a total area of 156,000 hectares.
- Previous Year Production (MY 2024/25): 421,000 metric tons
- 10-year production profile (MY 2016/2025) :
- Average production: 411,800 metric tons
- Compound average growth: 3%
5. United States
Rye production in the United States was estimated at 315,000 metric tons in MY 2025/26. Production was 16% lower than the previous year, but it still accounted for about 2.8% of global rye production. USDA estimated the nation’s rye yield at 2.29 MT/HA.
- Previous Year Production (MY 2024/25): 374,000 metric tons
- 10-year production profile (MY 2016/2025):
- Average production: 289,700 metric tons
- Compound average growth: -0.73%
6. Turkey
Lagging the US by just 15,000 metric tons, Turkey’s rye output of 300,000 metric tons in MY 2025/26 accounted for 2.6% of global rye production. The leading rye-producing country, with a yield of 2.85 MT/HA over an area of 105,000 hectares, grew 6% less rye than the previous year (MY 2024/25).
- Previous Year Production (MY 2024/25): 320,000 metric tons
- 10-year production profile (MY 2016/2025):
- Average production: 295,900 metric tons
- Compound average growth: 0%
7. Ukraine
Among other leading countries in rye grain production in MY 2025/26, Ukraine’s 210,000 metric tons of rye account for 1.9% of global production. Its current output, 5% lower than in MY 2024/25, came from 65,000 hectares of cultivated land. According to the USDA estimates, the crop’s yield was 3.23 MT/HA.
- Previous Year Production (MY 2024/25): 220,000 metric tons
- 10-year production profile (MY 2016/2025):
- Average production: 368,300 metric tons
- Compound average growth: -6%
8. Argentina
Argentina’s recorded rye yield of 1.92 MT/HA in MY 2025/26 produced 185,000 metric tons of rye. USDA estimates that the country’s rye output represents 1.6% of global production, but it was 14% lower than the previous year’s output.
- Previous Year Production (MY 2024/25): 215,000 metric tons
- 10-year production profile (MY 2016/2025):
- Average production: 162,900 metric tons
- Compound average growth: 9%
9. Norway
Norway’s rye production of 50,000 metric tons in the marketing year 2025/26 represents 0.44% of the global share. Compared with the nation’s previous-year rye production, the recent output gathered from 9,000 hectares of land did not fluctuate at all. Yield also remained unchanged at 5.5 MT/HA.
- Previous Year Production (MY 2024/25): 50,000 metric tons
- 10-year production profile (MY 2016/2025):
- Average production: 41,500 metric tons
- Compound average growth: 8%
10. Australia
Australia registered a final rye output of 32,000 metric tons in MY 2025/26, which was the same as the previous year’s production. With a relatively low yield of 0.71 MT/HA harvested from an area of 45,000 hectares, Australia contributed 0.28% of worldwide rye production.
- Previous Year Production (MY 2024/25): 32,000 metric tons
- 10-year production profile (MY 2016/2025):
- Average production: 31,500 metric tons
- Compound average growth: 0.65%
